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If youโ€™re building a pre-revenue startup, chances are youโ€™re not sure how much your company is worthโ€”and neither are investors.

This guide breaks down the most widely used frameworks for early-stage valuation and when to use each.

Key Takeaways:

1๏ธโƒฃ Berkus Method โ€“ Assigns a fixed value to things like idea quality, prototype, and early team. Great for idea-stage companies.

2๏ธโƒฃ Scorecard Method โ€“ Compares you against local peers, adjusting valuation based on strength of team, market, product, etc.

3๏ธโƒฃ Risk Factor Summation โ€“ Adds or subtracts value based on 12 startup risk areas like team, competition, tech, and market.

4๏ธโƒฃ VC Method โ€“ Calculates backwards from expected exit value using investor ROI expectations. Common in seed/Series A rounds.

5๏ธโƒฃ Cost-to-Duplicate โ€“ Looks at what it would cost to rebuild your startup from scratch. Often yields a lower-bound estimate.

6๏ธโƒฃ Comparable Method โ€“ Benchmarks your metrics (like users or revenue) against recent similar startup deals.

7๏ธโƒฃ First Chicago Method โ€“ Models worst, normal, and best-case outcomes to triangulate a valuation range.

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